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Objective@#In this study we analyzed the genetic characteristics of echovirus 30 (E-30) VP1 gene sequences from Yunnan province isolated from viral meningitis (VM) cases in 2010-2013.@*Methods@#RT-PCR and VP1 gene sequencing were done for 9 E-30 strains isolated from VM cases in 2010-2013. VP1 gene sequences of E-30 reference strains were downloaded from the GenBank and their nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) diversities were calculated by MEGA 5.1 software, the phylogenetic tree was constructed and the genetic characteristics and molecular epidemiology were analyzed.@*Results@#In 2010-2013, 9 strains of E-30 viruses were detected from 79 VM cases caused by echoviruses, accounting for 11.39%(9/79), the overall positive rate was 1.63%(9/553). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that E-30 strains can be divided into four genotypes (genotype A, B, C and D), and genotype D can be further divided into seven sub-genotypes. Nine Yunnan VM isolates were distributed in D7 sub-genotype, and can be further clustered into 3 branches: 5 strains isolated in 2010 were clustered in branch 1, it is evident that these viruses were responsible for an aseptic meningitis outbreak in Kunming in that year; one 2011 isolate, together with 2013 isolate and one isolate from healthy children in 2010 were clustered in branch 2, these two branches were Yunnan special branches, and two 2011 isolates had the highest homology with 2003 VM outbreaks′ strains isolated from Shandong, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang, showing that these strains may have the same evolutionary sources.@*Conclusions@#Nine Yunnan VM isolates were distributed in D7 sub-genotype, and these strains have different evolutionary sources, showing that at different times E-30 viruses in the same sub-genotypes branch might prevail in different areas.
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Post-traumatic tetanus is the main type of non-neonatal tetanus. To reduce the incidence and mortality rate of tetanus and guide the primary medical institutions to prevent and control tetanus after trauma, National Immunization Planning Technical Working Group of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has compiled this document in the reference with Position Paper by World Health Organization, the latest research progress from home and abroad. The guidelines focus on the basic procedures for the prevention and disposition of post-traumatic tetanus, the application of tetanus vaccines and immune preparation, and the pre-exposure immunization in high-risk populations of trauma.
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Objective@#To evaluate the population immunity to measles and explore the factors associated with measles susceptibility in Yunnan residents aged ≥20 years.@*Methods@#2 689 residents aged ≥20 years were selected by multistage stratified systematic randomized sampling in 252 villages of 42 counties in Yunnan Province between June and September in 2015. Each subject was surveyed by the same questionnaire, including general information, measles contained vaccine history, measles history, and 5 ml blood sample of each subject was collected. Serum IgG antibodies against measles virus were measured by ELISA. Positive was defined as the antibody concentration ≥250 mU/ml, and negative as <250 mU/ml. Non-conditional logistic regression model was used analyze the factors associated with measles susceptibility in adults.@*Results@#Among 2 689 subjects, 1 214 were males (45.15%), and the overall positive rate of measles IgG antibody was 89.77%. Compared with subjects from the region where economic development was low, subjects from the region where economic development was moderate were likely to be susceptible to measles virus (OR=1.81, 95%CI: 1.33-2.47). Four age groups had higher risk of being susceptible to measles virus (compared with ≥40 years: 20-24 years old, OR=2.04, 95%CI: 1.26-3.31; 25-29 years old, OR=3.72, 95%CI: 2.37-5.86; 30-34 years old, OR=1.94, 95%CI: 1.22-3.09; 35-39 years old, OR=1.81, 95%CI: 1.07-3.05).@*Conclusion@#Our results suggest that the serological susceptibility in adults (20-39 years), especially adults from the regions where the economic development was moderate, should be concerned. The additional vaccination strategy targeting young adults is important for reducing the risk of measles infection.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the efficacy of prevention programs and relevant factors targeting mother-to-infant transmission of HBV in Yunnan province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In Yunnan province, we selected HBsAg positive pregnant women that delivered in hospital from January 1st through June 30th, 2011. Newborns of these pregnant women were under PMTCT (prevention of mother to child treatment) program and followed. Every infant was drawn 2 ml venous blood and questionnaire survey was carried out when the baby was 7-12 month-old and completed the vaccination processes. Serum samples of them were then collected and detected on the 5 serological indicators of HBV.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>were analyzed statistically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 2 765 infants in the study program. The success rate of PMTCT was 95.88% . Rates of coverage on both timely-birth dose and 3 doses of HepB were 97.03% and 92.30% respectively. The overall vaccinated rate and timely-birth vaccinated rate on hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) were 68.97% and 94.49% respectively. The success rate of PMTCT was 97.16% after administration of passive-active immune-prophylaxis (HepB and HBIG), compared to the rate as 93.01% when vaccinated with HepB only. Significant differences were seen in the successful rates of PMTCT between combined and non-combined immunization. Either the combined or non-combined immunization, there were significant differences seen in the success rates of PMTCT regardless the positivity status of HBsAg or HBeAg, among the infected mothers.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The efficacy of passive-active immune-prophylaxis program seemed to be better than the one without combined immunization. It was vitally important for the infants whose mothers' HBsAg and HBeAg status were positive, to receive regular and timely combined immunization. In order to promote the PMTCT in Yunnan province, vaccinated rate on HBIG should be further improved.</p>
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Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , China , Epidemiology , Hepatitis B , Epidemiology , Hepatitis B virus , Immunization , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Mothers , Pregnancy Complications, InfectiousABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo study echovirus 11 ( ECHO11 ) sequences genetic variability of the VP1 gene of 82 isolates from 15 countries and 2 provinces in China.MethodsThe VP1 sequences of 82 strains of echovirus 11 were downloaded from the GenBank,and their nucleotide and amino acid diversity were calculated and phylogenetic tree was constructed using Mega software.Results82 echovirus 11 strains were divided into 4 genotypes( A-D),Genotype A is further divided into 7 subgenotyps and genotype D into 7 subgenotyps.The prototype strain Gregory is the sole member of genotype B.Genotype C is divided into 3 genotypes.The sequence diversity between echovirus 11 strains is 21.7%-24.1% (AA diversity:6.0%-12.1% ).ConclusionOur results show that most genotypes contain isolates that have circulated over a wide geographical(several countries from different continents) and temporal range.Several genotypes were also shown to co-circulate in a region during the same period of time,showing that the epidemic of echovirus 11 has typical time and geographical characters.
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Objective To clone and construct the recombinant plasmid containing Jo-1 of HepG2 cells,then purify the protein and identify the immunoreactivity of the recombinant protein.and establish the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELSA)to detect Jo-1 autoantigen correlative antibodies in diagnosis of polymyositis/dermatomyositis.Methods The constructed plasmid was transformed into E.coli.DH5α and BL21(DE3).This fusion protein was purified by Ni-NTA chromatography and its immunnoreactivity was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.ELISA with the fusion protein was established to detect the Jo-1 autoantigen correlative antibodies in sernm samples of 75 patient with PM/DM,30 patients with SLE.30 patients with RA,10 patients with SS and 30 normal controls.Results The sequence of Jo-1 autoantigen gene Was the same as the sequence reported on the literatures.SDS-PAGE gel analysis showed the molecular weisat of fusion protein was approximately 55 000 Da. Western blotting analysis showed that the fusion protein had the same immunoreactivity as human Jo-1 autoantigen.The results of ELISA indicated that the positive rate of anti-Jo-1 antibody was 28%.but the antibody was negative in other controls.There was significant difierence of positivity of the autoantibody between PM/DM and disease controls or normal controls (x2=31.84,P＜0.01).Conclusions The plasmid containing Jo-1 is successfully cloned into E.coli.DH5α and BL21 (DE3).EUSA analysis shows its good antigenicity and specificity.
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Objective To establish and apply the protein chip to detect eleven autoantibodies profile, and evaluate the authenticity and reliability with ANAs protein chip in clinical autoantibodies profile detection.Methods By comparing the results of IIF and ELISA , validation the sensitivity and specificity of ANAs protein chip in clinical autoantibodies profile detection. The autoantibodies detected were anti-SSA-52,anti-SSA-60,anti-SSB,anti-Sm,anti-RNP,anti-Scl-70,anti-Jo-1,anti-dsDNA,anti-rRNP,anti-centromere antibodies and antinuclear antibodies (ANA). To each autoantibody, we have selected 70 positive and 294 negative samples except the 32 rare samples that contain anti-Jo-1 antibody.Results The sensitivity to all the autoantibodies was 100% except anti-SSA52 and anti-SSB antibodies was 95.7%and 98.6% respectively. The specificity to all the autoanbodies was 100% except anti-SSB, anti-RNP-68, anti-Scl-70, anti-dsDNA, anti-CENP-B and ANA was 98.0%, 98.0%, 99.7%, 99.7%, 99.7% and 98.3% respectively. Conclusions To all the eleven antinuclear autoantibodies , the sensitivity is all above 95.0% and specificity is all above 98.0%, which indicate that there is high concordances between the ANAs protein chip and the methods used in clinical screening and confirmation,and it could meet the requirement of clinical autoantibodies profile detection. The protein chip method is fast, easy for detection with the characteristic of high-throughput,high sensitivity and specificity,it is hence recommended to apply ANAs protein chip to detect autoantibodies profile in clinical detection.